Silicone rubber is widely used in electronics, automotive, medical and other fields due to its excellent high and low temperature resistance, electrical insulation and chemical stability. However, silicone rubber itself does not have fire and flame retardant properties, and it is difficult to self-extinguish after ignition, which severely limits its application in scenarios with high safety requirements. Therefore, adding flame retardants is a key means to improve the fire safety performance of silicone rubber.
\nAccording to the flame retardant mechanism and composition, the flame retardants applied to silicone rubber are mainly divided into the following categories:<\/p>\n
1. Inorganic flame retardants: represented by aluminum hydroxide (ATH) and magnesium hydroxide (MDH). They release water vapor through thermal decomposition to reduce the flame temperature, with the advantages of environmental protection and low cost. However, a high filling amount (50% to 60%) is usually required to achieve the desired effect, which may affect the mechanical properties of silicone.<\/p>\n
2. Phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardants: This is currently a widely used halogen-free environmentally friendly solution. For example, ammonium polyphosphate (APP) compounded with melamine derivatives can form an intumescent flame retardant system, which isolates oxygen and heat by forming a dense carbon layer. Melamine cyanurate (MCA) and melamine pyrophosphate (MPP) are also commonly used for flame retardant modification of silicone rubber.<\/p>\n
3. Intumescent and special function flame retardants: Expandable graphite (EG) has excellent flame retardant efficiency and can significantly increase the residue ratio after combustion. In addition, platinum-based flame retardants have both catalytic crosslinking and flame retardant functions, suitable for high-temperature scenarios.<\/p>\n
Choosing the appropriate flame retardant requires comprehensive consideration of multiple factors such as flame retardant grade, processing technology, environmental requirements (e.g., RoHS, REACH), and cost. Currently, the industry is moving towards halogen-free, efficient, and multifunctional directions. Through nanocomposite technology or compounding synergistic effects, while improving flame retardant performance, the mechanical properties of silicone rubber are maintained to the greatest extent to meet its application needs in high-end fields.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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